Which educational model argues that education should focus on the cultivation of intellectual and moral virtues?

The model that argues that education should focus on the cultivation of intellectual and moral virtues is Perennialism. This educational philosophy emphasizes enduring ideas and universal truths that are believed to be central to human experience. Perennialists advocate for a curriculum that includes classic texts and significant works in literature, philosophy, and science, teaching students to think critically and engage with profound moral and ethical questions.

Perennialism posits that education should develop individuals who are not only knowledgeable but also ethical and virtuous, preparing them to engage thoughtfully in society. This focus on intellectual cultivation aligns with the belief that education should transcend the immediate concerns of the contemporary world and concentrate on timeless concepts that shape human understanding and morality.

The other educational models propose different focuses; for instance, Social Reconstructionism emphasizes social change and addressing societal issues, Progressivism centers on experiential learning and the needs of the student, while Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable behavior and measurable outcomes. Understanding these distinctions helps illustrate why Perennialism is the model specifically geared towards cultivating intellectual and moral virtues.